Socioøkonomisk udsatte borgeres oplevelse af inddragelse i PPR

Abstract

This is a case study with the purpose to examine a) the experience and perception of families at risk’s in the encounter with Pædagogisk Psykologisk Rådgivning (PPR), b) and professionals’ experience of the encounter with families at risk in PPR. The case study was conducted using eight semi-structured interviews with four parents at risk and four professionals, two speech and language therapists and two psychologists. Parents at risk had to meet two of the following criteria: low income, no education, unemployment, being single parent or of nonwestern origin. They were all recruited from three different municipalities in the area of Copenhagen. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed with Thematic Analysis (Terry et al, 2017). In the analysis, the client theory (Jävinen and Mik-Meyer, 2004, Villadsen and Mik-Meyer, 2008) and relational coordination theory (Gittell and Douglass, 2012) were used. This study is important because investigations within the health care system have found that it is difficult to support and meet the needs of marginalized citizens and the welfare system do not achieve the same results as with more resourceful citizens. This study showed that parents at risk expect to be heard, asked and included when they participate in meetings, and well as to be met with empathy. The language used in meetings is often difficult to understand for the parents at risk, but sometimes they don’t show their lack of understanding. The parents at risk have different needs. However, the analysis with the client theory found that in the encounter with the welfare system, they are constituted as clients and by the professionals defined by and perceived through a problem identity that fits into institutionalized categorizes. Some clients refuse to accept the problem identity and thus, they are more difficult to help and are regarded as contrary to the norm. Other clients accept the problem identity and are easier to help, because they cooperate as ideal citizens, who are perceived as responsible, and with individual autonomy by the system. This study found that some parents at risk have difficulties to commit on these terms. The analysis of the professionals’ experience with families at risk showed that the parents usually are open and interested and seldom show resistance. The study also showed that there can be complicating factors in the encounter with families at risk. Such as language, cultural background, job flexibility and difficulties in understanding the system. These factors may affect the encounter and need attention in order to understand the situation of the parents at risk and meet their needs. The study also pointed out a need to develop relational coordination in the organization.