Which Port Governance Model is the Most Viable to Green Port Management?

Previous studies suggest that the landlord port model yields maximum economic surplus, aggregated for both port authority and users, in comparison to other governance models. Meanwhile studies from the sustainable port dimension suggests that the service port model is likely to be the most environmentally friendly. Thus, this study investigates the most viable port governance model to green port management (GPM). We developed an analytic network process (ANP) model considering four port governance models and five key GPM practice indicators. ANP models work based on complex surveys, data of which was collected from top management executives of four ports in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Tanzania and Greece, representing the four major port governance models. Our results suggest that different governance models will be feasible to GPM practices of ports depending on the economic, political and institutional context of a port’s host country.