Explainable AI, but Explainable to Whom? An Exploratory Case Study of xAI in Healthcare

Julie Gerlings*, Millie Søndergaard Jensen, Arisa Shollo

*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Publikation: Bidrag til bog/antologi/rapportBidrag til bog/antologiForskningpeer review

Abstract

Advances in AI technologies have resulted in superior levels of AI-based model performance. However, this has also led to a greater degree of model complexity, resulting in “black box” models. In response to the AI black box problem, the field of explainable AI (xAI) has emerged with the aim of providing explanations catered to human understanding, trust, and transparency. Yet, we still have a limited understanding of how xAI addresses the need for explainable AI in the context of healthcare. Our research explores the differing explanation needs amongst stakeholders during the development of an AI-system for classifying COVID-19 patients for the ICU. We demonstrate that there is a constellation of stakeholders who have different explanation needs, not just the “user”. Further, the findings demonstrate how the need for xAI emerges through concerns associated with specific stakeholder groups i.e., the development team, subject matter experts, decision makers, and the audience. Our findings contribute to the expansion of xAI by highlighting that different stakeholders have different explanation needs. From a practical perspective, the study provides insights on how AI systems can be adjusted to support different stakeholders’ needs, ensuring better implementation and operation in a healthcare context.
OriginalsprogEngelsk
TitelHandbook of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Vol 2 : Practicalities and Prospects
RedaktørerChee-Peng Lim, Yen-Wei Chen , Ashlesha Vaidya, Charu Mahorkar , Lakhmi C. Jain
Antal sider30
UdgivelsesstedCham
ForlagSpringer
Publikationsdato2022
Sider169-198
Kapitel7
ISBN (Trykt)9783030836191
ISBN (Elektronisk)9783030836207
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2022
NavnIntelligent Systems Reference Library
Vol/bind212
ISSN1868-4394

Bibliografisk note

Published online: 27 November 2021.

Emneord

  • Artificial intellegence
  • X-ray
  • COVID-19
  • xAI
  • Explainable AI
  • Decision making support
  • Stakeholder concerns

Citationsformater