Abstract
Recent youth migrants are at a double-disadvantage in the labour market. They face young peoples’ education to employment transition challenges as well as difficulties of foreign labour market entrants.
This paper focuses on three receiving countries, Germany, Norway and the UK, and investigates the labour market integration of recent young EU citizen migrants with a specific focus on the comparison between migrants from Central and Eastern Europe and Southern Europe. We are investigating the degree of integration, the relationship with migrants’ country of origin, also given variation in application of transitional measures across receiving countries and sending country groups and the
potential effect of the post-2008 economic crisis.
Using national Labour Force survey data from 2004/2005-2012/2014, the paper finds a relatively high degree of integration in terms of employment for intra-EU migrants – more so in the UK and Norway than in Germany though – particularly compared to third country nationals, contrasted by integration into poor quality jobs, including atypical employment.
A marked stratification by country-of-origin associations exist in terms of qualification-occupation mismatches and wages. In terms of employment quality, youth migrants from Northern and Western Europe show similar outcomes to the respective nationals and thereby fare substantially better than those from CEE (A2 and A8) and EU-South countries and in particular third country nationals. The three case studies also contain evidence that CEE intra EU migrants fare worse on many employment quality indicators than EU-South intra EU migrants. No substantial differences pre-/postcrisis seem to exist for the UK. For Germany some evidence suggests that transitional arrangements had both quantitative and qualitative impacts on labour market integration. For Norway, the findings suggest a strengthening of labour market segmentation. Finally, young EU migrant citizens have a
lower probability of claiming unemployment benefits, which potentially suggest a poor secondary labour market integration and higher vulnerability to employment risks.
This paper focuses on three receiving countries, Germany, Norway and the UK, and investigates the labour market integration of recent young EU citizen migrants with a specific focus on the comparison between migrants from Central and Eastern Europe and Southern Europe. We are investigating the degree of integration, the relationship with migrants’ country of origin, also given variation in application of transitional measures across receiving countries and sending country groups and the
potential effect of the post-2008 economic crisis.
Using national Labour Force survey data from 2004/2005-2012/2014, the paper finds a relatively high degree of integration in terms of employment for intra-EU migrants – more so in the UK and Norway than in Germany though – particularly compared to third country nationals, contrasted by integration into poor quality jobs, including atypical employment.
A marked stratification by country-of-origin associations exist in terms of qualification-occupation mismatches and wages. In terms of employment quality, youth migrants from Northern and Western Europe show similar outcomes to the respective nationals and thereby fare substantially better than those from CEE (A2 and A8) and EU-South countries and in particular third country nationals. The three case studies also contain evidence that CEE intra EU migrants fare worse on many employment quality indicators than EU-South intra EU migrants. No substantial differences pre-/postcrisis seem to exist for the UK. For Germany some evidence suggests that transitional arrangements had both quantitative and qualitative impacts on labour market integration. For Norway, the findings suggest a strengthening of labour market segmentation. Finally, young EU migrant citizens have a
lower probability of claiming unemployment benefits, which potentially suggest a poor secondary labour market integration and higher vulnerability to employment risks.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Udgivelsessted | Brighton |
Udgiver | STYLE. University of Brighton |
Antal sider | 87 |
Status | Udgivet - 2016 |
Navn | STYLE Working Papers |
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Nummer | 4 |
Vol/bind | 6 |
Emneord
- Employment
- Working conditions
- Migration
- Youth
- EU
- Outsiders
- Labour force survey data